References

Arnold, G. 1916. A monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. Ann. South African Mus, 14:159-270.

Bernard, F. 1952. La reserve naturelle integrale du Mt Nimba, part 11. Hymenopteres, Formicidae. Memoires de I'Institute Francais d'Afrique noire. 19.

Bieman, D. and D. Wojcik. 1990. Tracking ants in Florida. PCO April: 11-13

Bolton, B. 1987. A review of the Solenopsis genus-group and revision of Afrotropical Monomorium Mayr (Hymenoptera:Formicidae). Bull, British Mus, (Natural History) Entomol. Ser. 54: 263~452.

Creighton, W. 5. 1950. The ants of North America. Bull. of Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Univ, 104:1-585.

Edwards, J. P. 1975. The effects of a juvenile hormone analogue on laboratory colonies of pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis (L). Bull. Entonml. Res. 65: 75-80.

Edwards, j. P. 1986. The biology, economic importance, and control of the pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis (L). Pp. 257-271. In- S. B. Vinson [ed.]. Economic impact and control of "I insects. Praeger Publishers, New York

Emery, C. 1922. Hym. fam. Formiticidae subfam. Myrmicinae. In: Wytsman, P.
[ed.I.Genera Insectorum. 174B-174C: 95-397.

Green, A. A., M. j. Kane, P. S. Tyler, and D. G. Halstead. 1954. The control of pharaoh's ants in hospitals. Pest Infest. Res. (1953): 24.

Haack, K 1987. Aspects of the food handling behavior of the Pharaoh ant, Monomorium pharaonis (L). Master's thesis, Texas A & M Urdv., College Station, TX.

Holldobler, B. and E. 0. Wilson. 1990. The ants. The Belknap Press of Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, Mass.

Klotz, j. and B. Reid. 1992. The use of spatial cues for structural guideline orientation in Tapinoma sessile and Camponotus pennsylvanicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). I. Insect Behav. 5: 71- 82.

Kohn, NI and NL Vlcek 1986. Outdoor persistence throughout the year of Monomorium pharaonis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Entomol. Gener. 11: 213-215.

Mayr, G. 1862. Myrmecologische Studien. Verhandlungen der k. k. zoologische-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien. 12: 649-776

Oi, D., K. Vail, D. Williams and D. Bienian. 1993. Indoor and outdoor foraging locations of Pharaoh ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with implications for control strategies using bait stations. Florida Entomol, (submitted).

Peacock, A. D. and A. T. Baxter. 1949. Studies in pharaoh's ant. I. The rearing of artificial colonies. Entomol. Mon. Mag. 85: 256-270.
1950. Studies in Pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis (L.). 3. Life history. Entomol. Mon. Mag, 86:171-178.

Peacock, A. D., j. H. Sudd and A. T. Baxter. 1955. Studies in Pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis (L). 11. Colony foundation Entomol. Mon. Mag. 91: 125-129.

Riley, C. V. 1889. The little red ant. Insect Life 2: 106-108.

Ritter, F. J., I. Bruggrmann-Rotgans, P. Verweil, E. Talman, F. Stein, j. LaBrinn, and C. j. Persoons. 1977. Faranal trail pheromone from the dufour's gland of the pharaoh's ant, structurally related to juvenile hormone. Proc. Eighth Int. Cong. IUSSI Pudoc.

SAS Institute. 1988. SAS/STAT User's Guide release 6.03. SAS lnstitute. Cary, N.C. Snuth, Nt R 1965. House-infesting ants of the eastern United States: their recognition biology and economic importance. USDA, ARS, Tech. Bull. 1326.

Su, N-Y, and R. H. Scheffrahn. 1988. Foraging population and territory of the formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in an urban environment. Sociobiology 14: 353- 359.

Sudd, j. H. 1957. Communication and recruitment in pharaoh's ant. Brit. I. Animal Behaviour 5: 104-109.
1960. The foraging method of pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis (L.) Animal Behaviour 8: 67-75.

Ware, G. W. 1983. Pesticides, theory and application. W. H. Freeman and Co., N.Y.

Williams, D. F. 1990. Effects of fenoxycarb baits on laboratory colonies of the pharaoh's ant, Monomorium pharaonis. Pp. 671-683. In: R. Vander Meer, K. jaffe and A. Cedeno [eds.l. Applied myrmecology, a world perspective, Westview Press, Boulder, CO.

Williams, D. and K. Vail. 1993a. The Pharaoh ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): fenoxycarb baits affect colony development. I. Econ. Entomol. (in press).
1993b. Control of a natural infestation of the Pharaoh ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a corn grit bait of fenoxycarb. I. Econ. Entomol. (in review).

Wilson, E. 0. and R. W. Taylor. 1967. The ants of Polynesia. Pac. Insects Mon, 14: 1-109.

-oOo-

20/3/01